This booklet aims to present the main findings of a study of current trends and issues in higher education which was conducted in seventeen higher education institutions from eight countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia). It provides a general overview by analyzing the higher education reforms after 1990 and outlines some of the key issues that have been raised such as the impact of the Bologna Process in the region and its implementation; institutional diversifications; the fragmentation of universities; the private higher education; the deals with internationalization and international cooperation; the issue of equality as a discursive and the role of students in university governance, and national higher education policy making.